Reč rumba označava vrstu crnačke muzike i plesa sa Kariba, a u svom značenju objedinjava mnoštvo naziva srodne muzike i srodnih plesova, kao na primer: son, danzon, guagiru, guaraku, naningo i drugo. Pravo značenje reči varira od ostrva do ostrva.
Postoje dve vrste plesa koji se zova rumba. Jedan ples je španska rumba, a drugi afrička rumba. Iako se rumba razvila uglavnom na Kubi, slični plesovi razvili su se i na drugim karipskim ostrvima i u Južnoj Americi|.
Rumba se razvila u 16. veku s dolaskom crnih robova iz Afrike. Izvorna rumba, tj. rhumba, kao folklorni ples u osnovi je seksi pantomima koja se pleše vrlo brzo, a karakterišu ga preterani pokreti bokovima, agresivan, ali ujedno i senzualan stav muškarca i obrambeni stav žene. To je ples zavođenja. Upravo zbog svoje tzv. lascivnosti rumba je bila ples niže društvene klase. Rumba se svira u (šp. staccato) ritmu i prati izražajne pokrete plesača. Ona se svira maracasima, clavama, marimbolom i bubnjevima.
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